Zanjan Agricultural&Fertilizer Industries Company Public Joint Stock (Iran)

The main activities of the company include the construction, commissioning and operation of industrial estates and towns for the production, marketing, sale, export of industrial and petrochemical products, storage, import and export of all authorized industrial goods and the conversion of all petrochemical and petrochemical materials, and derivatives related and perform all industrial activities and technical, engineering, commercial and civil engineering activities directly or indirectly related to the operation.
The Company established under name Zanjan Petrochemical industries Company on 22 November 2006.
The Company registed under registeration No. 6917 on 18 April 2007 .
The Company changed its Legal form to be a Public Joint Stock Company on 17 March 2007.
The Company was started it s activity on 22 July 2008.
The Company changed its name to be Zanjan Agricultural and Fertilizer Industries Conpany public joint stock on 2 December 2018 .
The Company listed in Iran Fara Bourse on 11 September 2011.
The Company owns 100 shares of its three subsidiaries.
The Company products
1) Urea product
In different animals, the nitrogen of the amino group is secreted into one of the three main forms below. Most aquatic organisms release nitrogen in the form of ammonia (NH3). Ammonia is a highly toxic compound, but because of its water solubility, its toxicity is reduced to living creatures. Birds and some reptiles release nitrogen in the form of uric acid. Uric acid is not toxic, but it is insoluble in water, and therefore it is excreted permanently.
Other organisms release nitrogen in the form of urea. Urea is less toxic than NH3 and is dissolved in water. The blood absorbs nitrogens, such as urea and uric acid, and always passes through the kidneys during circulation. In the kidneys, excessive nitrogenous substances are removed from the water and other exudates from the blood and released into the outside. The concentration of urea in the blood plasma is 0.03 and its amount in urine is 2 .
General
79 percent of the air around us forms nitrogen. This element is an essential ingredient to create amino acids and proteins. Nitrogen, as one of the atmospheric gases, is neutral, and more than this gas is available to plants or animal species, it must be consolidated in a chemical composition.
Effective factors in nitrogen fixation
Nitrogen in nature can be combined with oxygen or hydrogen with the help of cosmic radiation, from the remnants of meteorites, or because of the high energy of lightning that is needed to quickly connect molecules. Some marine organisms and a number of microorganisms are exceptional in terms of the ability to stabilize free nitrogen, and many plants of the family of chickpeas, on their roots, have groups that contain microorganisms of rhizobium. Rhizobium, nitrogen compounds, provides growth stimulants for green plants.
The importance of nitrogen
Nitrocellios Nitrocelluose, a native body that is used to produce sulfuric acid and nitric acid on cellulose and is used in the preparation of explosives, colloids and plastics. Nitroglocerin, a yellow, pale yellow liquid that is exposed It explodes suddenly and is used in the preparation of explosive gelatin and dynamite, and is used in medicine as a vasodilator agent, the tri-nitro toluene (TNT), the combination of the pale blue metalltravel used as an explosive Forms.
Stabilization of nitrogen with catalyst
In the early twentieth century, two German physicist chemists, Fritz Haber and Karl Bosch, invented the process of stabilizing nitrogen with the aid of a catalyst. In the original method, these scientists, nitrogen and hydrogen, converted to ammonia from an environment with 900 degrees Fahrenheit (500 degrees Celsius) and a few hundred atmospheres pressurized near the nickel catalyst.
In modern high-tech factories, hydrogen, which forms the basis of this reaction, is obtained from methane s natural gas. Methane and water vapor create a gas that is rich in hydrogen. Then atmospheric nitrogen is used and its oxygen is converted into carbon monoxide due to partial combustion of methane, and then carbon monoxide is exposed to water vapor and changes to carbon dioxide. The latter material is used in the process of the conversion of ammonia to urea, with the formula CO (NH2) 2.
The residual carbon monoxide is converted into methane. Then nitrogen and hydrogen at high temperature and pressure, in the vicinity of a catalyst consisting of a metal oxide, form ammonia and ammonia produces nitric acid by reaction with oxygen. The resulting nitric acid, by combining with ammonia, produces ammonium nitrate. The latter is used as fertilizer. On the other hand, an existing peacock-based peppermint contains all the recent operations for the plant and provides it with ammonium nitrate.
2) Ammonia
Ammonia is the most important hydrogen nitrogen compound and is naturally occurring in organic matter decomposition.
Ammonia is a colorless gas, with an incredibly nasty tasting that is tearful and choking. Ammonia gas is lighter than air and easily converted to liquid. Ammonia is highly soluble in froth at 77.7 degrees Celsius and boils in a negative temperature of 5.3 degrees Celsius. The specific gravity of the ammonia saturation solution is 88.8 grams per cubic centimeter. Ammonia gas is flammable and its flammable range is 16-25 vol. Of ammonia gas in the air. The presence of oil and other materials will increase the risk of fire. The proximity and contact of ammonia with silver and mercury produce silver and mercury finite , which are highly explosive substances. Ammonia gas decomposes in the heat of 400 degrees to hydrogen and produces hydrogen. Ammonia causes irritation of the respiratory system, skin and eyes, and can damage the lungs due to exposure to large amounts of gas.
Ammonia synthesis (Haber method)
Ammonia is formed by the following equilibrium reaction from its constituent elements.
N2 + 3H2 ========== 2NH3 ΔH = - 387 / 1kj
Because the reaction is hot, it is expected to be formed at lower temperatures, but due to the high activation energy at low temperatures, the amount of ammonia formed is negligible. Therefore, the activation energy can be reduced by using the catalyst. The catalytic role in this process is to loosen the links in the nitrogen and hydrogen molecules.
We return to the reaction of ammonia synthesis. With this disorder, the response has dropped. Because the number of molecules in the right-hand side of the equation is less than the left, it seems that increasing the pressure can increase the amount of the product. Increasing the pressure also causes the number of H-bonded molecules to increase and the number of collisions increases and the reaction speed increases. But it should be noted that in practice, devices can somehow withstand pressure. Highly high risk of explosion of the device and its transmission.
Fritz Haber described his scheme for the synthesis of ammonia. With the aid of a catalyst, the temperature reaches 450 degrees to give the reaction a proper velocity and we increase the pressure to 500 atm. Ammonia is the highest in this condition. Haber was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1918.

In the industry, nitrogen is also extracted from the air and uses a gas-water process to supply the required hydrogen.
CH4 + H2O ========== 3H2 + CO